Joachim et al (p. 2482) evaluated the incidence and progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) over a 15-year period in 3654 adults who were 49 years of age or older and participating in the Blue Mountain Eye Study. The researchers found an overall incidence of 22.7% for early AMD and 6.8% for late AMD. After adjusting for competing risks, the incidence of early and late AMD was 15.1% and 4.1%, respectively; after further age standardization to the Beaver Dam Eye Study population, early and late incidence was 13.1% and 3.3%, respectively.

A 69-year-old man with vitreomacular adhesion of an epiretinal membrane without foveal traction in the right eye. The images are en-face optical coherence tomography with 3-dimensional reconstruction (top) and a vertical cross-sectional B-scan of the fovea showing a unique “vortex” formation (bottom).

Joachim y otros (p. 2482) evaluaron la incidencia y progresión de la degeneración macular relacionada con la edad (AMD) durante un período de 15 años en 3.654 adultos de 49 años o más que participaron en el Estudio Oftalmológico Blue Mountain (Blue Mountain Eye Study). Los investigadores encontraron una incidencia global de 22,7% para AMD temprana y 6,8% para AMD tardía. Después de hacer los ajustes para riesgos competitivos, la incidencia de AMD temprana y tardía fue de 15,1% y 4,1%, respectivamente; después de una mayor estandarización de edades con la población del Estudio Oftalmológico Beaver Dam (Beaver Dam Eye Study), la incidencia temprana y tardía fue de 13,1% y 3,3%, respectivamente.

A 51-year-old man had a lesion of the right lower eyelid (Fig 1), present for a year, surgically removed. Histopathology revealed a rare pilosebaceous hybrid cyst lined by 2 distinctive cell types: a bilayer epithelium of ductal origin (Fig 2, bold arrows) and keratinized stratified epithelium of infundibular origin (Fig 2, thin arrows). Most pilosebaceous cysts, in contrast, are composed of components from a single portion of the pilosebaceous complex. The different types of cutaneous cysts are shown in the diagram (Fig 3).

A 15-year-old boy presented with immediate vision loss after his left eye struck a rock during a fall. There were no signs of globe rupture. Ophthalmoscopy demonstrated a central retinal artery occlusion. The area of the optic nerve head was excavated and filled with hemorrhage with blood emanating into the vitreous and a ring of peripapillary hemorrhage (Fig 1). Computed tomography (Fig 2) showed orbital fat-stranding around the nerve with a linear hypodensity (arrow) near its attachment to the globe.